如果制作的启动盘无法加载

[jack_admin]

如有遇到启动盘不能加载的情况，请检查启动盘分区表是否同时存在GPT和MBR。

不能启动的log信息输出参考
CPBOOT# run bootcmd_usb0                                                        
starting USB...                                                                 
Bus usb@fc880000: USB EHCI 1.00                                                 
scanning bus usb@fc880000 for devices... Repair the Primary gpt table OK!       
2 USB Device(s) found                                                           
       scanning usb for storage devices... 1 Storage Device(s) found            
                                                                                
Device 0: Vendor: ATA      Rev: 66B5 Prod: KINGSTON SA400S3                     
            Type: Hard Disk                                                     
            Capacity: 228936.5 MB = 223.5 GB (468862128 x 512)                  
... is now current device                                                       
Failed to mount ext2 filesystem...                                              
** Unrecognized filesystem type **                                              
CPBOOT# part list usb 0                                                         
                                                                                
Partition Map for USB device 0  --   Partition Type: EFI                        
                                                                                
Part    Start LBA       End LBA         Name                                    
        Attributes                                                              
        Type GUID                                                               
        Partition GUID                                                          
  1     0x00008000      0x00107fff      "bootfs"                                
        attrs:  0x0000000000000000                                              
        type:   bc13c2ff-59e6-4262-a352-b275fd6f7172                            
        guid:   fbcf2ff8-f848-da46-b785-cae999542316                            
  2     0x00108000      0x1baa8000      ""                                      
        attrs:  0x0000000000000000                                              
        type:   0fc63daf-8483-4772-8e79-3d69d8477de4                            
        type:   linux                                                           
        guid:   0aa076d4-71b8-be44-af21-bec2cea010bc                            
CPBOOT#

对应错误的分区表信息

$ sudo gdisk /dev/sdb
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.3

Partition table scan:
  MBR: MBR only
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present

Found valid MBR and GPT. Which do you want to use?
 1 - MBR
 2 - GPT
 3 - Create blank GPT

Your answer:

---

清除GPT、MBR之后，重新烧录一次镜像即可恢复。

$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1)。
更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。


命令(输入 m 获取帮助)： m

帮助：

  常规
   d   删除分区
   F   列出未分区的空闲区
   l   列出已知分区类型
   n   添加新分区
   p   打印分区表
   t   更改分区类型
   v   检查分区表
   i   打印某个分区的相关信息

  杂项
   m   打印此菜单
   x   更多功能(仅限专业人员)

  脚本
   I   从 sfdisk 脚本文件加载磁盘布局
   O   将磁盘布局转储为 sfdisk 脚本文件

  保存并退出
   w   将分区表写入磁盘并退出
   q   退出而不保存更改

  新建空磁盘标签
   g   新建一份 GPT 分区表
   G   新建一份空 GPT (IRIX) 分区表
   o   新建一份的空 DOS 分区表
   s   新建一份空 Sun 分区表


命令(输入 m 获取帮助)： o
创建了一个磁盘标识符为 0x19aa2586 的新 DOS 磁盘标签。
The old gpt signature will be removed by a write command.

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)： p

Disk /dev/sdb：58.2 GiB，62537072640 字节，122142720 个扇区
单元：扇区 / 1 * 512 = 512 字节
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x19aa2586

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)： w
分区表已调整。
将调用 ioctl() 来重新读分区表。
正在同步磁盘。

在linux系统中使用gdisk查看分析，如下是正常启动分区信息
$ sudo gdisk /dev/sdb
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.3

Partition table scan:
  MBR: MBR only
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present


***************************************************************
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by
typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions
to GPT format!
***************************************************************


Command (? for help): q

正常从USB移动硬盘启动信息

starting USB...
Bus usb@fc880000: USB EHCI 1.00
scanning bus usb@fc880000 for devices... 2 USB Device(s) found
       scanning usb for storage devices... 1 Storage Device(s) found

Device 0: Vendor: ATA      Rev: 66B5 Prod: KINGSTON SA400S3
            Type: Hard Disk
            Capacity: 228936.5 MB = 223.5 GB (468862128 x 512)
... is now current device
Scanning usb 0:1...
Found /extlinux/extlinux.conf
Retrieving file: /extlinux/extlinux.conf
reading /extlinux/extlinux.conf
242 bytes read in 28 ms (7.8 KiB/s)
1:      ubuntu coolpi
Retrieving file: /initrd.img
reading /initrd.img
8775086 bytes read in 600 ms (13.9 MiB/s)
Retrieving file: /Image
...

[retroman]

Thanks for the effort but we can't read Chinese. Does Cool Pi 4B only target Chinese users? If so, that's a pity because Cool Pi 4B is a very nice board.

[大法师]

@retroman Not only. Thanks!

[xws]

我用windows刷完emmc镜像，后还需要操作什么？直接emmc usb启动 都是不行，红色灯慢闪。也检查了分区表 没有问题，镜像是20230116-ubuntu-20.04-preinstalled-desktop-arm64-coolpi.img

[大法师]

@xws said in 如果制作的启动盘无法加载:

我用windows刷完emmc镜像，后还需要操作什么？直接emmc usb启动 都是不行，红色灯慢闪。也检查了分区表 没有问题，镜像是20230116-ubuntu-20.04-preinstalled-desktop-arm64-coolpi.img

相同问题贴
https://www.cool-pi.com/topic/198/3588s-刷机无法启动-红灯闪烁亮/2

[zhengbicheng]

@retroman CoolPI Forum is an open forum where developers from all countries communicate. We have created Github Docs Repo. If you have other documents that we need to sort out, please refer to issues.

[zhengbicheng]

@retroman https://github.com/yanyitech/coolpi_4B_docs

[大法师]

coolpi 4b uart console operate：

CoolPi 4B# mmc dev 1
switch to partitions #0, OK
mmc1 is current device
CoolPi 4B# mmc info
Device: mmc@fe2c0000
Manufacturer ID: 3
OEM: 5344
Name: SC16G 
Timing Interface: Legacy
Tran Speed: 52000000
Rd Block Len: 512
SD version 3.0
High Capacity: Yes
Capacity: 14.8 GiB
Bus Width: 4-bit
Erase Group Size: 512 Bytes
CoolPi 4B# part list mmc 1

Partition Map for MMC device 1  --   Partition Type: EFI

Part    Start LBA       End LBA         Name
        Attributes
        Type GUID
        Partition GUID
CoolPi 4B# 

Insert tf card into Ubuntu OS, delete gpt and create mbr table.

root@coolpi:/home/coolpi# gdisk /dev/mmcblk1
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.8

Partition table scan:
  MBR: MBR only
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present

Found valid MBR and GPT. Which do you want to use?
 1 - MBR
 2 - GPT
 3 - Create blank GPT

Your answer: q
Using GPT and creating fresh protective MBR.

Command (? for help): q

root@coolpi:/home/coolpi# fdisk /dev/mmcblk1

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
partitions on this disk.


Command (m for help): m

Help:

  DOS (MBR)
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit nested BSD disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

  Generic
   d   delete a partition
   F   list free unpartitioned space
   l   list known partition types
   n   add a new partition
   p   print the partition table
   t   change a partition type
   v   verify the partition table
   i   print information about a partition

  Misc
   m   print this menu
   u   change display/entry units
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

  Script
   I   load disk layout from sfdisk script file
   O   dump disk layout to sfdisk script file

  Save & Exit
   w   write table to disk and exit
   q   quit without saving changes

  Create a new label
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   s   create a new empty Sun partition table


Command (m for help): o
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb1f26e2a.
The device contains 'gpt' signature and it will be removed by a write command. See fdisk(8) man page and --wipe option for more details.

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

root@coolpi:/home/coolpi# gdisk /dev/mmcblk1
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.8

Partition table scan:
  MBR: MBR only
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present


***************************************************************
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by
typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions
to GPT format!
***************************************************************


Command (? for help): q
root@coolpi:/home/coolpi#

After refuse system image to tf card, insert to coolpi 4b.

CoolPi 4B# mmc dev 1
switch to partitions #0, OK
mmc1 is current device
CoolPi 4B# mmc info
Device: mmc@fe2c0000
Manufacturer ID: 3
OEM: 5344
Name: SC16G 
Timing Interface: Legacy
Tran Speed: 52000000
Rd Block Len: 512
SD version 3.0
High Capacity: Yes
Capacity: 14.8 GiB
Bus Width: 4-bit
Erase Group Size: 512 Bytes
CoolPi 4B# part list mmc 1

Partition Map for MMC device 1  --   Partition Type: DOS

Part    Start Sector    Num Sectors     UUID            Type
  1     2048            1024000         e92e551e-01     0b
  2     1026048         15767552        e92e551e-02     83
CoolPi 4B# boot
trsv ln0 mon rx cdr lock timeout
dp@fde50000 disconnected
VOP VP0 enable Esmart0[356x124->356x124@782x478] fmt[1] addr[0xedf21000]
starting USB...
Bus usb@fc880000: USB EHCI 1.00
scanning bus usb@fc880000 for devices... 1 USB Device(s) found
       scanning usb for storage devices... 0 Storage Device(s) found

Device 0: unknown device
switch to partitions #0, OK
mmc1 is current device
Scanning mmc 1:1...
Found /extlinux/extlinux.conf
Retrieving file: /extlinux/extlinux.conf
reading /extlinux/extlinux.conf
285 bytes read in 6 ms (45.9 KiB/s)
1:      linux coolpi
Retrieving file: /initrd.img
reading /initrd.img
8775086 bytes read in 708 ms (11.8 MiB/s)
Retrieving file: /Image
reading /Image
37573120 bytes read in 3017 ms (11.9 MiB/s)
append: root=LABEL=writable rw rootfstype=ext4 console=ttyS0,115200n81 quiet splash plymouth.ignore-serial-consoles vt.global_cursor_default=1 irqchip.gicv3_pseudo_nmi=0 net.ifnames=0 rtleth=ethaddr:72:6e:45:25:8b:7d
Retrieving file: /rk3588s-cp4.dtb
reading /rk3588s-cp4.dtb
141830 bytes read in 17 ms (8 MiB/s)
## Flattened Device Tree blob at 0x0a100000
   Booting using the fdt blob at 0x0a100000
   Loading Ramdisk to eb176000, end eb9d45ae ... OK
   Loading Device Tree to 00000000eb150000, end 00000000eb175a05 ... OK
Adding bank: 0x00200000 - 0x08400000 (size: 0x08200000)
Adding bank: 0x09400000 - 0xf0000000 (size: 0xe6c00000)
Adding bank: 0x1f0000000 - 0x200000000 (size: 0x10000000)

Starting kernel ...

[大法师]

Erase partitions

Tf card:
sudo wipefs -a -f /dev/mmcblk1

EMMC:
sudo wipefs -a -f /dev/mmcblk0